Professional background
Dr Graham is a consultant neurologist based at the National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery (NHNN). He studied medicine at the University of Cambridge and University College London, and completed his specialist training in neurology in London (Imperial/Queen Square).
He was awarded a PhD from Imperial College London for work developing ultrasensitive tests to diagnose brain injury and understanding post-traumatic neurodegeneration (Imperial Health Charity and Alzheimer’s Research UK), which he extended in an Academic Clinical Lectureship (NIHR), and in a Post-CCT Career Development Grant (Alzheimer’s Society).
His sub-specialist interests are in traumatic brain injury (‘TBI’), sometimes termed ‘concussion’, neurodegenerative dementia, including conditions such as chronic traumatic encephalopathy (‘CTE’), and the development and evaluation of health technologies. He is a member of the Association of British Neurologists Traumatic Brain Injury and Alzheimer’s Research UK Clinical Advisory Groups, served on the US NIH/NINDS Post-TBI AD/ADRD research prioritisation group, and contributed to the international NINDS TBI Reclassification workshop at the US National Institutes of Health incorporating novel fluid biomarkers into injury diagnosis.
Specialties
Research interests
- Advanced blood tests for brain injury and neurodegeneration diagnosis and prognostication
- Dementia (including post-traumatic dementia) disease mechanisms and epidemiology
- Novel imaging techniques (eg. DTI MRI)
- Military trauma
- Digital health technologies and machine learning
Publications
- Graham NS, Zimmerman KA, Hain JA, et al. Biomarker evidence of neurodegeneration in midlife former rugby players. Brain. 2025 Aug 1;148(8):2684-2697. doi: 10.1093/brain/awaf152.
- Parker T, Hain JA, Rooney EJ, .. Graham NSN et al. Brain Health Concerns in Former Rugby Players: Clinical and Cognitive Phenotypes 2025 Aug 1;148(8):2698-2713. doi: 10.1093/brain/awae416.
- Li LML, Kodosaki E, Heslegrave A, … Graham NSN et al. High-dimensional proteomic analysis for pathophysiological classification of traumatic brain injury. Brain. 2025 Mar 6;148(3):1015-1030. doi: 10.1093/brain/awae305.
- Graham NSN et al. Poor long-term outcomes and abnormal neurodegeneration biomarkers after military traumatic brain injury: the ADVANCE study. JNNP 2025 Jan 16;96(2):105-113. doi: 10.1136/jnnp-2024-333777.
- Kolanko M, Huber H, David M… Graham NSN. Quantification of neurofilament light and glial fibrillary acidic protein in finger-prick blood. Brain Comms. 2024. 10.1093/braincomms/fcae151
- Graham NSN, Sharp DJ. Dementia after traumatic brain injury. BMJ. 2023.383:p2065. Doi: 10.1136/bmj.p2065
- Sharp DJ, Graham NSN. Clinical outcomes evolve years after traumatic brain injury. Nat Rev Neurol. 2023. Doi: 10.1038/s41582-023-00868-1
- Graham N, Zimmerman K, Heslegrave AJ, et al Alzheimer’s disease marker phospho-tau181 is not elevated in the first year after moderate-to-severe TBI. JNNP. 13 October 2023. doi: 10.1136/jnnp-2023-331854
- Del Giovane, Martina, Trender, William R., Bălăeţ, Maria, … Graham, NSN., et al. Computerised cognitive assessment in patients with traumatic brain injury: an observational study of feasibility and sensitivity relative to established clinical scales. eClinicalMedicine, Volume 59, 101980.
- Graham NSN, Blissitt G, Zimmerman K, et al. ADVANCE-TBI study protocol: traumatic brain injury outcomes in UK military personnel serving in Afghanistan between 2003 and 2014 - a longitudinal cohort study. BMJ Open. 2023 Mar 21;13(3):e069243. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-069243. PMID: 36944467; PMCID: PMC10032415.
- Xu L, Ramadan S, Akingbade OE, Zhang Y, Alodan S, Graham N, et al. Detection of Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein in Patient Plasma Using On-Chip Graphene Field-Effect Biosensors, in Comparison with ELISA and Single-Molecule Array. ACS Sens. 2021. doi: 10.1021/acssensors.1c02232.
- Graham NSN, Zimmerman K, Moro F et al. Axonal marker neurofilament light predicts long-term outcomes and progressive neurodegeneration after traumatic brain injury. Sci Trans Med. 2021. doi: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abg9922
- Zimmerman KA, Laverse E, Samra R, … Graham NSN, et al. White matter abnormalities in active elite adult rugby players. Brain Comms. 2021. doi: 10.1093/braincomms/fcab133
- Jolly AE, Bălăeţ M, Azor A, Friedland D, Sandrone S, Graham NSN, et al. Detecting axonal injury in individual patients after traumatic brain injury. Brain. 2021 Feb 12;144(1):92-113. doi: 10.1093/brain/awaa372.
- Ladhani SN, Chow JY, Atkin S, … Graham N, et al. Regular mass screening for SARS-CoV-2 infection in care homes already affected by COVID-19 outbreaks: Implications of false positive test results. J Infect. 2021 Feb;82(2):282-327. doi: 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.09.008.
- Graham NSN, Junghans C, McLaren R, Randell P, Lang N, Ladhani SN, Sharp DJ, Sanderson F. High rates of SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity in nursing home residents. Infect. 2021 Feb;82(2):282-327. doi: 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.08.040.
- Graham NSN, Jolly A, Zimmerman K, Bourke NJ, Scott G, Cole JH, Schott JM, Sharp DJ. Diffuse axonal injury predicts neurodegeneration after moderate-severe traumatic brain injury. Brain. 2020 Dec 1;143(12):3685-3698. doi: 10.1093/brain/awaa316.
- Graham NSN, Zimmerman KA, Bertolini G, et al. Multicentre longitudinal study of fluid and neuroimaging BIOmarkers of AXonal injury after traumatic brain injury: the BIO-AX-TBI study protocol. BMJ Open. 2020 Nov 10;10(11):e042093. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-042093.
- Graham NSN, Junghans C, Downes R et al. SARS-CoV-2 infection, clinical features and outcome of COVID-19 in United Kingdom nursing homes. J Infection. 2020. 81 (3), 411-419
- Graham NSN, Sharp DJ. Understanding neurodegeneration after traumatic brain injury: from mechanisms to clinical trials in dementia. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2019 Nov;90(11):1221-1233. doi: 10.1136/jnnp-2017-317557.
- Graham NSN, Holmes PA, Rudd AG. Post-stroke Seizures. In: Bhalla A., Birns J. (eds) Management of Post-Stroke Complications. Springer, Cham. 2015. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-17855-4_4
- Graham NS, Crichton S, Koutroumanidis M, Wolfe CD, Rudd AG. Incidence and associations of poststroke epilepsy: the prospective South London Stroke Register. Stroke. 2013 Mar;44(3):605-11. doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.111.000220